Brain is most developed organ of nervous system.
human brain is
enclosed in cranial cavity and covered by meninges .
human brain has
three parts- fore-brain, mid-brain and
hind-brain.
Forebrain-
It is also called prosencephalon which is divided into cerebrum
olfactory lobes and diencephalon . Cerebrum
is the biggest part of brain . It
has two hemispheres which are connected via Corpus callosum .
FUNCTIONS-
- Cerebrum is the centre of Intelligence. It controls the emotions and language of the persons . It is centre of knowledge . It controls action of laugh and crying .It is responsible for response against external stimulus.
- Olfactory lobes are related to the sense of smell.
- Diencephalon is the posterior part of forebrain and located between the cerebrum and midbrain. It has three parts epithalamus,thalamus and hypothalamus.
- Hypothalamus is very important part as its secretion controls the secretions from pituitary gland. Hypothalamus is controls various feelings like thirst hungry etc.
Midbrain- Midbrain is
also known as Mesencephalon .It is
located below cerebrum and hand brain its cavity is called cerebral
aqueduct or aqueduct of sylvius. This
part controls activity of muscles
related to Eyes.
Hind-brain- This part of brain is also known as “Rhombenocephalon”. it has three parts cerebellum, pons and
medulla oblongata.
- Cerebellum is the second largest part of our brain. Cerebellum controls the contraction and coordination of skeletal muscles. It is also responsible for the balance and equilibrium state of our body.
- Pons join the lobes of cerebellum and it make coordination of the muscles of lateral side of our body.
- Medulla oblongata is the posterior most part of the brain. It is like conical shape it controls all the involuntary actions like heartbeat ,respiratory rate, contraction of digestive muscles etc. It also controls actions like vomiting coughing sneezing swallowing.
- Thread like part of Medula oblongata lies as spinal cord in vertebral column and takes part in reflex action.
