Ecosystem

An ecosystem is the relationship between biotic and abiotic factor of our environment. The term Ecosystem was coined by Tansley.

Component of ecosystem are biotic component and abiotic component.

Biotic components are living components of an ecosystem and include producers, consumers and decomposers. Producers are those biotic components which can make their food themselves.  All the plants are considered as producers because they can make food in the form of organic material by using carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight during biological process of photosynthesis. Consumers are the components of ecosystem that depend on plant for food directly or indirectly. Primary consumers are herbivore animals which take food directly from plants for example goat, deer, elephant, cow rabbit etc. Secondary consumers are those animals which can take food killing the primary consumers or from the body of primary consumers like wolf, fox,frog, etc. Tertiary consumers are big carnivorous like snake, lion ,tiger, eagle .

Decomposers are microorganisms like bacteria and get food from the dead body of plants and animals. The decomposers are very important for our environment as decompose the dead material and they help in recycling of nutrients by decomposing the dead body of organisms and keep clean our environment also.

Non-living Components of ecosystem are without life and considered as Abiotic components but important for life. These include Oxygen, Carbon-di-oxide ,Water, Salts, Soil, temperature, light etc.

Ecosystem are natural and artificial.Natural Ecosystem includes grass ecosystem,forest ecosystem,desert ,river etc. Artificial ecosystems are man-made for example garden ,aquarium,agriculture-field industrial area etc. 

A Pond Ecosystem